Portland International Jetport: The airport is only about 5 miles from downtown. Greater Portland METRO Route 5 is the cheap, sensible option when its schedule suits your arrival: roughly 25–35 minutes to downtown, with a local-bus fare of about $2. A taxi or Uber/Lyft is usually 15–20 minutes and is worth it for late arrivals, luggage, or a group; expect roughly $20–30 before tip, not a private airport shuttle.
Portland Transportation Center: Amtrak Downeaster and Concord Coach Lines use this station, about 2 miles west of downtown. Take Greater Portland METRO Route 1 along Congress Street toward downtown/Old Port—allow about 15–25 minutes and a local fare of about $2—or use a short taxi/rideshare, typically 10 minutes. From Boston, the Downeaster takes about 2½ hours; it is pleasant but not fast.
Boston Logan International Airport: For Portland, use Concord Coach Lines’ direct service from Logan terminals rather than going into Boston to connect with Amtrak. Allow roughly 2¼–3 hours depending on traffic and about $35–45 one way. The train route requires getting from Logan to North Station first, so it is mainly worthwhile only if you are already in central Boston.